is to find a sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30, that’s also labeled broad-spectrum, like SLMD Dual Defender. Lee, the bottom line if you live in the U.S. Here’s the good news: you don’t have to understand any of these details in order to protect your skin from UV damage. 5 stars equals 0.90 or more protection from UVA rays compared to UVB.4 stars equals 0.80 – 0.89 protection from UVA rays compared to UVB.3 stars equals 0.60 – 0.79 protection from UVA rays compared to UVB.Here, we break down the predominant standards worldwide. and UK, sunscreen is classified by its UVA-PF - that is, UVA protection factor, which is a number similar to SPF. In Korea, along with all countries except the U.S. This explains in part why there are a few different methods worldwide, and why the criteria seems to be continually evolving. Moreover, everyone’s response to ultraviolet exposure is different. For starters, no one fully understands the complex interplay between UVA and UVB rays, so we don’t know for certain which rays cause which damage. There are a number of reasons why scientists have had a hard time agreeing how to measure the effectiveness of UVA protection. What are the protection standards for UVA sunscreen? Beginning about 24 hours after exposure, more melanin protein is made, creating darker skin that persists for about 3 weeks. Stage 3: Delayed Pigment Darkening (DPD).Follows IPD, also characterized by melanin oxidation but persists for up to 3-5 days. Stage 2: Persistent Pigment Darkening (PPD).This is a temporary, virtually immediate skin response caused by melanin oxidation (pigment turning darker) and melanosome redistribution (packets of pigment shifting to protect cells). Stage 1: Immediate Pigment Darkening (IPD).Here’s what’s really happening to the pigment in your skin when it’s exposed to UV radiation: Stay tuned, because this is important for understanding how UVA sunscreen labels work. Getting a tan actually happens in three different stages, and involves both UVB and UVA rays. Most of us refer to that last one as tanning - but you guessed it: there’s more to it than that. What happens when UVA rays penetrate the skin?īy now you’ve got this down: UVA radiation reaches all the way into the dermis, where it damages DNA, suppresses the immune system, and alters melanin production. We’re going to take a look at some of the most widely used standards (including PA+) - but first, we need to understand a little bit more about how UVA rays affect skin. Unlike UVB protection levels, which are universally indicated by the sun protection factor (SPF), there are several ways that different countries rely on to determine UVA protection. Here’s where it gets complicated: there is no single internationally-accepted standard for measuring UVA protection in sunscreen. How is UVA protection measured in sunscreen? More on that after we cover some key background facts. In Korea, however, they don’t say broad-spectrum: instead, they have the PA+ system - while in Europe, it’s a circle (or stars!). You might remember that in the U.S., we use the abbreviation SPF to indicate a sunscreen’s level of protection against UVB rays, and the term broad-spectrum to show it also inhibits UVA rays. Both contribute to DNA damage and ultimately, skin cancer. We go into much more detail about the differences between the types of ultraviolet radiation here - but basically, UVB rays are responsible for acute sun damage like redness, while UVA rays lead to long-term damage like collagen loss. Pimple Popper) likes to say, B is for burning, and A is for aging. Let’s review what primarily separates UVA and UVB rays: as Dr. What’s the difference between UVB and UVA protection? What happens when UVA rays penetrate the skin?
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